Editing apparatus

ABSTRACT

An editing apparatus forms an output video signal by effecting an editing processing on a plurality of video signals such as first and second input video signals. There are generated first and second video clips representing a starting position and an ending position set to the first input video signal, third and fourth video clips representing a starting position and an ending position set to a second input video signal, and fifth and sixth video clips representing a starting position and an ending position set to an output video signal. The first, second, third and fourth video clips are displayed on the basis of time information attached to each video clip so as to express a positional relationship of the first, second, third and fourth video clips on a time axis. Also, the fifth and sixth video clips are displayed.

This is a division of prior application Ser. No. 08/692,879 filed Aug.1, 1996, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,926,603, which is a continuation ofapplication Ser. No. 08/224,736 filed Apr. 8, 1994, now abandoned.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to an editing apparatus for use in anediting a video signal, for example.

2. Description of the Prior Art

Heretofore, U.S. Pat. No. 5,103,348 describes an editing apparatus.Also, there is proposed an editing apparatus which will be describedbelow with reference to FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawings. As shown inFIG. 1, this conventional editing apparatus is comprised of VTRs (videotape recorders) 2, 3, an editor 1 for previously fine adjusting andcontrolling the VTRS 2, 3 and a VTR 6 for recording video signals fromthe VTRs 2, 3 in various manners before editing, a switcher 4 forselecting the video signals supplied thereto from the VTRs 2, 3, a DME(digital multi-effector) 5 for effecting various video special effectson the video signal supplied thereto from the switcher 4 and supplyingthe thus processed video signal back to the switcher 4 and the VTR 6 forrecording the video signal from the switcher 4.

A fundamental processing of the conventional editing apparatus thusarranged as shown in FIG. 1 will be described below. The user can selectwhere to use a material recorded on a video tape cassette set on the VTR2 and a material recorded on a video tape cassette set on the VTR 3 orhow to use the material of the video tape cassette set on the VTR 2 orthe material of the video cassette tape on the VTR 3 while checking amenu picture displayed on a picture screen of a monitor 1A of the editor1. The material of the VTR 2 will be referred hereinafter to as “rollA”, and that of the VTR 3 will be referred hereinafter to as “roll B”,respectively.

Further, the user can designate where to use the material of the roll Aand the material of the roll B by inputting time codes or by designatingtime codes supplied thereto from the VTR 2 or 3 upon playback as anin-point IN and an out-point OUT when the user carries out a suitableoperation, such as a depression of a switch or the like. The in-point INrepresents a time code of the first the image of the material to beused, and the out-point OUT represents a time code of the last image ofthe material to be used.

The switcher 4 processes the video signals supplied thereto from theVTRs 2 and 3 in some suitable transition processing fashion, such aswipe, dissolve, etc. Further, the DME 5 (or switcher 4) effects somesuitable processing, such as a designation of a processing on a timebase, which will be referred to as a time line, or the like on the videosignals supplied thereto, whereafter the video signal thus processed isrecorded on the VTR 6 or previewed (i.e . . . , video signal thusprocessed is reproduced without being recorded).

The time line is used to obtain a video signal effect by designatingsome video special effect elements, such as a trajectory for drawing acurve on an image, a twist of an image or the like.

Operation of the editing apparatus shown in FIG. 1 will be describedwith reference to FIGS. 2A through 2G. In this description of operation,let us assume that the switcher 4 processes a material Va recorded onthe video tape cassette set on the VTR 2 and a material Vb recorded onthe video tape cassette set on the VTR 3 in a transition processingfashion to output one video signal and that this outputted video signalis recorded by the VTR 6 or displayed on the monitor 1A of the editor 1.

As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, of the material of the video tape cassetteset on the VTR 2 shown in FIG. 1, the user can designate the material Vaby designating the in-point IN and the out-point OUT. On the other hand,of the material of the video tape cassette set on the VTR 3 shown inFIG. 1, the user can also designate the material Vb by designating thein-point IN and the out-point OUT.

Under the control of the editor 1, the VTR 2 is set in the playback modeso that the material Va is supplied to the switcher 4 and processed bythe DME 5 variously. Then, the video signal thus processed is suppliedto and recorded by the VTR 6 or displayed on the picture screen of themonitor 1A of the editor 1 as an image. While constantly monitoring thetime codes from the VTR 2, the editor 1 reads a time code provided alittle before the time code of the out-point OUT of the material Va andcauses the VTR 3 to operate in the playback mode. The material Vb fromthe VTR 3 is supplied to the switcher 4.

The switcher 4 switches the materials Va, Vb on the basis of apreviously-set transition and supplies the material Vb to the DME 5. Thematerial Vb supplied to the DME 5 is processed by the DME 5 in variousprocessing manners and then fed back to the switcher 4. The switcher 4supplies the material Vb supplied thereto from the DME 5 to the VTR 6.The material Vb supplied to the VTR 6 is recorded by the VTR 6.

For simplicity, various processing manners that can be considered whentwo materials are collected as one material by a transition processing,reviewed or recorded, such as pre-roll, post-roll, reading of time code,to generate time codes by the editor 1 or the like, need not bedescribed herein and a processing based on the simplest manner will bedescribed hereinafter.

Since the processing is made as described above, the material Vasupplied from the VTR 2 is recorded on a magnetic tape along a time basein the video cassette tape set on the VTR 6 as shown in FIG. 2C, andthen the material Vb supplied from the VTR 3 is recorded thereon.Therefore, in the preview mode, similarly to the reproduced signal whichis played back from this magnetic tape, the material Va is displayed onthe picture screen of the monitor 1A of the editor 1 and changed intothe material Vb in the form of a designated transition, whereafter thematerial Vb is displayed on the picture screen of the monitor 1A of theeditor 1.

When the materials Va and Vb are both recorded on the video tapecassette set on the VTR 2 as shown in FIG. 2D, the material Vb (or Va)is reproduced by the VTR 2 and recorded on the video tape cassette seton the VTR 3. Then, as shown in FIGS. 2E and 2F, the material Va isreproduced by the VTR 2 in a similar processing fashion, and then thematerial Vb (previously dubbed from the VTR 3) is reproduced by the VTR3. These materials Va, Vb are recorded by the VTR 6.

Thus, the material Va supplied from the VTR 2 is recorded along a timeaxis on a magnetic tape of the video tape cassette set on the VTR 6 andthen the material Vb supplied from the VTR 3 is recorded thereon asshown in FIG. 2G. Accordingly, during the preview mode, similarly to thereproduced signal obtained by reproducing this magnetic tape, thematerial Va is displayed on the picture screen of the monitor 1A of theeditor 1 and changed into the material Vb in the form of the designatedtransition, whereafter the material Vb is displayed on the picturescreen of the monitor 1A of the editor 1.

According to the above-mentioned conventional editing apparatus, whenthe user wants to confirm the whole edit processing along the time axiswhile any edit processing is carried out, the user must watch time codesof respective materials to be edited or the user must make a note ofeach edit processing. There is then the disadvantage that the editprocessing cannot be controlled satisfactorily along the time axis.

OBJECTS AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an editingapparatus in which the aforesaid shortcomings and disadvantagesencountered with the prior art can be eliminated.

More specifically, it is another object of the present invention toprovide an editing apparatus in which a plurality of cues existing in anediting process can be controlled on a time axis with ease.

In order to achieve the aforesaid objects, according to the presentinvention, there is provided an editing apparatus which makes an outputvideo signal by effecting an editing processing on a plurality of videosignals. An output video signal is obtained by effecting a video specialeffect processing on first and second input video signals. There aregenerated first and second video clips representing a starting positionand an ending position set to the first input video signal, third andfourth video clips representing a starting position and an endingposition set to the second input video signal and fifth and sixth videoclips representing a starting position and an ending position set to theoutput video signal. The first, second, third and fourth video clips aredisplayed on the basis of time information added to each video clip soas to express a positional relationship of the first, second, third andfourth video clips on a time axis. Also, the fifth and sixth video clipsare displayed.

The above and other objects, features, and advantages of the presentinvention will become apparent from the following detailed descriptionof an illustrative embodiment thereof to be read in conjunction with theaccompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals are used toidentify the same or similar parts in the several views.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of a conventional editingapparatus;

FIGS. 2A through 2G are schematic diagrams used to explain operation ofthe conventional editing apparatus shown in FIG. 1, respectively;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an editing apparatus according to anembodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram used to explain setup files andedit files of the editing apparatus shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a flowchart to which reference will be made in explainingoperation of the editing apparatus shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a specific circuit arrangement of theswitcher shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is a flowchart to which reference will be made in explainingoperation of the editing apparatus shown in FIG. 3;

FIGS. 8A through 8D are schematic diagrams used to explain operation ofthe editing apparatus shown in FIG. 3, respectively;

FIG. 9 is a flowchart to which reference will be made in explainingsubroutines of thee flowchart shown in FIG. 7;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram used to explain operation of the editingapparatus shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram used to explain display operation ofvideo clips in the editing apparatus shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram used to explain display operation ofvideo clips in the editing apparatus shown in FIG. 3; and

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram used to explain display operation ofvideo clips in the editing apparatus shown in FIG. 3.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

Referring to the drawings in detail, and initially to FIG. 3, an editingapparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will bedescribed in detail hereinafter.

As shown in FIG. 3, there is provided a control apparatus 20 whichcontrols respective apparatus that are used to edit a video signal andan audio signal. As shown in FIG. 3, a fundamental portion of thecontrol apparatus 20 is comprised of a CPU (central processing unit) 21,a bus (formed of address bus, control bus and data bus) 22, a RAM(random access memory) 23 for work area and a ROM (read only memory) 24in which there is memorized program data which will be described lateron. Accordingly, various ports and extension boards (memories, etc.)can, of course, be prepared or extended separately, though not shown.

The control apparatus 20 includes a pointing device 25, such as a mouse,a track ball or the like, a keyboard 26 for operating the editingapparatus, a monitor 27, a disk driver 28, such as a hard disk apparatuswhich can be made freely detachable from the body unit, a silicon diskapparatus, a magneto-optical disk apparatus, a floppy disk apparatus orthe like, connected thereto.

The control apparatus 20 further includes VTRs 30, 31 and disk recorders32, 33, such as a mass-storage hard disk apparatus including hard diskapparatus that is freely detachable from the body unit of the editingapparatus, a mass-storage silicon disk apparatus, a magneto-optical diskapparatus or the like, through a control interface, such as an RS-422interface or the like.

The control apparatus 20 controls the VTRs 30, 31 and the disk recorders32, 33 by transmitting effect information, cut information (dubbing),transition information, such as mix, wipe or the like, key informationand a time code signal representing an address of video signal accordingto the interface format, such as the RS-422 interface or the like. Also,the control apparatus 20 controls switching of switcher 29, such as mix,wipe and keys or various special effects of the DME (digitalmulti-effector) 35.

The control apparatus 20 further includes the switcher 29 for switchingvideo signals from the VTRs 30, 31 and the disk recorders 32, 33 andprocessing these video signals in a transition processing fashion, suchas mix, wipe or the like, the DME 35 for processing the video signalsupplied thereto from the switcher 29 in some suitable signal processingfashion, such as deform or the like, and a capture controller and memory36 for compressing (e.g., decimating or the like) video signals suppliedthereto from the switcher 29 on the basis of its control signal as avideo clip of a frame picture therefrom and memorizing the same. Thecapture (i.e., used to capture image data) controller and memory 36includes a mass-storage memory (e.g., RAM) and a compression circuit tothereby compress video signals supplied thereto from the switcher 29 orto memorize a video signal designated by the in-point IN and theout-point OUT together with an offset amount, as will be described lateron.

Video signal output terminals of the switcher 29 are connected to videosignal input terminals of the VTRs 30, 31 and the disk recorders 32, 33.Video signal output terminals of the VTRs 30, 31 and the disk recorders32, 33 are connected to video signal input terminals of the switcher 29,respectively.

A fundamental function of the control apparatus 20 shown in FIG. 3 willbe described with reference to FIG. 4.

As shown in FIG. 4, according to this embodiment, a CPU 21 is operatedby a control program Prog loaded onto the ROM 24 or RAM 23 through thebus 22 from a disk driver 28 shown in FIG. 3. As shown in FIG. 4, on thebasis of the program Prog, setup files SET1 to SETn and edit files EDL1to EDLn are made on the picture screen of the monitor 27 connected tothe control apparatus shown in FIG. 3.

The setup files SET1 to SETn are setup data files that are used to setoperation parameters of the respective elements shown in FIG. 3, such asthe layout of the recorder, a cross-point or the like in accordance withobjects in use.

Specifically, conditions of the respective elements shown in FIG. 3,e.g., various conditions of every equipments, such as connection,operation, mode or the like can be changed by executing the contents ofthe setup files SET1 to SETn by the CPU 21.

The edit files EDL1 through EDLn are data files that are used torepresent edit contents. In FIG. 4, the edit files EDL1 through EDLn aredata files, each representing edit content in each object.

It is customary that the setup files SET1 through SETn and the editfiles EDL1 through EDLn are recorded on a disk set on the disk driver 28shown in FIG. 3 in correspondence with each other. By way of example,the corresponding setup files SET1 through SETn may be recorded on theedit files EDL1 through EDLn.

With the above-mentioned arrangement, when a desired one of edit filesEDL1 through EDL1 is selected on a selection menu picture for selectingthe edit files EDL1 through EDLn (which will be described later on),data of the selected one of the edit files EDL1 through EDLn is read outfrom the disk set on the disk driver 28 and editing corresponding to thecontents of the selected one of the edit files EDL1 through EDLn can becarried out. Also, one of the corresponding setup files SET1 throughSETn is read out from the disk and data of the setup file thus read outin the setup files SET1 through SETn is supplied to the RAM 23 shown inFIG. 3 and held in (i.e., held in a so-called resident state) the RAM23, thereby each equipment being is set up.

The edit files EDL1 through EDLn and the setup files SET1 through SETnare associated with each other on the program in advance, and an area tobe used and a standby area are prepared in the RAM 23, for example.Then, the edit files EDL1 through EDLn and the setup files SET1 throughSETn are stored in the standby area under the condition that they areassociated with each other as shown in FIG. 4. When in use, the editfiles EDL1 through EDLn selected on the menu picture and thecorresponding setup files SET1 through SETn are stored in the area to beused, whereby the respective equipment in the editing apparatus shown inFIG. 3 can be set up at once. In this case, the respective equipment canbe set up at high speed as compared with the above-mentioned method.

How to select the edit files EDL1 through EDLn and how to set up theequipment by using the corresponding setup files SET1 through SETn willbe described with reference to a flowchart of FIG. 5.

Referring to FIG. 5, following the start of operation, a switching menuis displayed at step S1. Specifically, the edit files EDL1 through EDLnare displayed on the monitor 27 shown in FIG. 3 by some suitable means,such as user file names or the like. Then, the processing proceeds tothe next decision step S2.

It is determined in decision step S2 whether or not the user inputsdata. If a YES is outputted at decision step S2, then the processingproceeds to step S3. More specifically, it is determined at decisionstep S2 whether or not the user selected a desired one of the edit filesEDL1 through EDLn displayed on the switching menu picture by thepointing device 25 or keyboard 26.

In step S3, the edit files EDL1 through EDLn are switched, and theprocessing proceeds to step S4. Specifically, a designated one of theedit files EDL1 through EDLn is copied from the standby area to the areato be used in the RAM 23 as described above.

In step S4, the fact that the edit file was switched is informed to theuser, and the processing proceeds to step S5. In step S4, the user canlearn that the edit file has been switched when a cursor is beingblinking (intermittently reversed) or being reversed at the displayedposition of the file name or file number of the designated and switchedone of the edit files EDL1 to EDLn.

In step S5, the corresponding one of the setup files SET1 through SETnis searched. Specifically, the corresponding setup files SET1 throughSETn in the standby area of the RAM 23 are searched. Then, theprocessing proceeds to step S6.

In step S6, the searched one of the setup files SET1 through SETn iscopied to the area to be used. Specifically, the setup files SET1through SETn that had been stored in the standby area of the RAM 23 arecopied to the area to be used. Then, the processing proceeds to step S7.

In step S7, each equipment is variously set on the basis of the setupfile thus read out, and the processing is ended.

As will be clear from the above description, according to thisembodiment, while watching various editing setting pictures andequipment pictures displayed on the picture screen of the monitor 27,the user can form the edit files EDL1 to EDLn and the correspondingsetup files SET1 through SETn by some suitable means, such as thepointing device 25, the keyboard 26 or the like. These files are storedin the disk of the disk driver 28 or the edit files EDL1 through EDLnand setup files SET1 through SETn thus formed are read out from the diskof the disk driver 28 when the control apparatus 20, for example, isactuated. These data are stored in the standby area of the RAM 23 asdescribed above. Then, when any one of the edit files EDL1 through EDLnis selected on the menu picture, the selected one of the edit files EDL1through EDLn and the corresponding one of the setup files SET1 throughSETn are read out from the standby area of the RAM 23, and copied to thearea to be used. The user can set up the equipment in various manners bythe setup files SET1 through SETn copied to the area to be used. Then,the user can carry out the editing based on the edit files EDL1 throughEDLn.

When the edit files EDL1 through EDLn are formed, the setup files SET1through SETn also may be formed at the same time and the setup filesSET1 through SETn may be contained in the edit files EDL1 through EDLn.

A specific circuit arrangement of the switcher 29 shown in FIG. 3 willbe described below with reference to FIG. 6. As shown in FIG. 6, theswitcher 29 is comprised of a matrix switcher 50, a first mixer/effectorcircuit (M/E) 51 and a second mixer/effector circuit (M/E) 52. The VTRs30, 31 and the disk recorders 32, 33 shown in FIG. 3 are connected toinput terminals 53, 54, 55 and 56 of the matrix switcher 50, and thevideo signals therefrom are supplied to the above input terminals 53,54, 55 and 56. The matrix switcher 50 selectively supplies the videosignals supplied to the input terminals 53, 54, 55 and 56 thereof to thefirst mixer/effector circuit 51, the second mixer/effector circuit 52,the DME 35 and the capture controller and memory 36 by turning on andoff switches of respective cross-points (shown by xs in FIG. 6) on thebasis of a control signal supplied thereto from the control apparatus20.

The first mixer/effector circuit 51 and the second mixer/effectorcircuit 52 are arranged in exactly the same fashion and selectivelyoutput the first and second input video signals together with variousvideo effects, such as wipe effect, dissolve effect, fade effect, cut orthe like. Alternatively, the first and second mixer/effector circuits51, 52 output video signals fed directly to one input terminal thereof.

When the signal reproduced by the VTR 30 is recorded by the diskrecorder 32 to form the same material as that of the video signalrecorded by the VTR 30, the switch at the cross-point 58 is turned on sothat the video signal inputted from the input terminal 53 is transmittedthrough a bus line 57 to the disk recorder 32. The video signal thustransmitted is recorded by the disk recorder 32. At that time, althoughthe bus line 57 is connected to the VTRs 30, 31 and the disk recorder33, when the video signal is supplied through the bus line 57, the videosignal thus transmitted is recorded only by the VTR or disk recorderthat is placed in the recording mode.

Output signals from the first mixer/effector circuit 51, the secondmixer/effector circuit 52 and the DME 35 are inputted to input terminals59, 60 and 61 of the matrix switcher 50. The DME 35 is a video effectorthat can effect a three-dimensional deform processing on the input videosignal so that an input image is deformed along a cylindrical surface orspherical surface. The matrix switcher 50 can supply the video signalsinputted to the input terminals 50, 60, 61 thereof to a desired one ofthe first mixer/effector circuit 51, the second mixer/effector circuit52, the DME 35 and the capture controller and memory 36 by turning onswitches of desired cross-points on the basis of the control signalsupplied thereto from the control apparatus 20.

An example of operation of the switcher 29 will be described below, inwhich case the first and second video signals respectively reproduced bythe VTRs 30, 31 are switched with a wipe effect, a third video signalreproduced from the disk recorder 32 is deformed so that an imagerepresented by the third video signal is deformed along the sphericalsurface and then the third video signal thus deformed and the secondvideo signal are synthesized so that the second video signal thusswitched with the wipe effect being achieved represents a background.

The first video signal reproduced by the VTR 30 is inputted to thematrix switcher 50 from the input terminal 53 and the matrix switcher 50supplies the input first video signal to one input terminal of the firstmixer/effector circuit 51 by turning on the switch of the cross-point62. The second video signal reproduced by the VTR 31 is inputted to thematrix switcher 50 from the input terminal 54 and the matrix switcher 50supplies the second video signal to the other input terminal of thefirst mixer/effector circuit 51 by turning on the switch of thecross-point 63. The first mixer/effector circuit 51 outputs the firstvideo signal during the first period and then outputs the second videosignal instead of the first video signal as a wipe effect switchingtransient. The output video signal from the first mixer/effector circuit51 is fed through the input terminal 59 back to the matrix switcher 50which supplies the output video signal from the first mixer/effectorcircuit 51 to one input terminal of the second mixer/effector circuit 52by turning on the switch of the cross-point 64.

A third video signal reproduced by the disk recorder 32 is inputted fromthe input terminal 55 to the matrix switcher 50. Then, the matrixswitcher 50 supplies the third video signal to the DME 35 by turning onthe switch of the cross-point 65. The DME 35 effects a deformingprocessing on the third video signal supplied thereto so that an imagerepresented by the third video signal is curved along the sphericalsurface. An output signal from the DME 35 is fed through the inputterminal 61 back to the matrix switcher 50, and the matrix switcher 50supplies the output signal of the DME 35 to the other input terminal ofthe second mixer/effector circuit 52 by turning on the switch of thecross-point 66.

The second mixer/effector circuit 52 synthesizes the third video signalsupplied to the other input terminal thereof to the second video signalsupplied to one input terminal thereof in a keying fashion. A keyingsignal used in this keying processing is supplied from the DME 35 to thesecond mixer/effector circuit 52.

An output signal from the second mixer/effector circuit 52 is recordedby a VTR 67 and displayed on a monitor 68.

Operation of the editing apparatus shown in FIG. 3 will be describedbelow with reference to FIGS. 7 through 9, in that order. Specifically,let us describe how to edit the materials Va, Vb according to thetransition processing and how to review or record the edited materialwhen the materials Va, Vb are recorded on the video tape cassette of theVTR 30 (this is also true for the VTR 31) as shown in FIG. 2D.

Referring to FIG. 7, following the start of operation, it is determinedin decision step S10 whether or not the roll number is designated. If aYES is outputted at decision step S10, then the processing proceeds tothe next decision step S20. Specifically, the user designates the rollnumber on the picture displayed on the picture screen of the monitor 27shown in FIG. 3 by using the pointing device 25 or the keyboard 26.

The roll represents a material to be reproduced. A roll A means that thefirst tape selected on the playback side (VTRS 30 and 31) and a roll Bmeans a second tape selected on the playback side (VTRs 30 and 31).Therefore, when the roll number is used as ID (identification) datawhich represents the VTR 30 or 31, for example, if the user sets the IDdata representing the same VTR 30 or 31 in both of the rolls A and B,then the materials Va, Vb are recorded on the video tape cassettes setin the VTR 30 or 31 as shown in FIG. 8A.

The user may designate the rolls A and B or the roll A or the roll B inthe VTR 30 or 31, for example, on the menu picture.

Referring back to FIG. 7, it is determined in decision step S20 whetheror not the VTR is set in the recording mode. If a YES is outputted atdecision step S20, then the processing proceeds to step S30 (i.e.,subroutine SUB). If on the other hand a NO is outputted at decision stepS20, then the processing proceeds to step S40 (i.e., subroutine SUB).The user can designate the recording mode on the picture screen of themonitor 27 by means of the pointing device 25 or the keyboard 26.

Steps S30 and S40 will collectively be described with reference to aflowchart of FIG. 9.

Referring to FIG. 9, it is determined in decision step S31 (S41) whetheror not the same roll number is designated on the rolls A and B. If a YESis outputted at decision step S31 (S41), then the processing proceeds tothe next decision step S32 (S42). If on the other hand a NO is outputtedat decision step S31 (S41), then the processing proceeds to step S34(S44).

It is determined in decision step S32 (S42) whether or not the materialVb was already prepared. If a YES is outputted at decision step S32(S42), then the processing proceeds to step S33 (S43). The above step of“to determine whether or not the material Vb was already prepared” isequivalent to the decision that it is determined whether or not thematerial Vb was already recorded or memorized in the VTR 31 or the diskrecorders 32, 33 from the VTR 30.

In step S33 (S43), the material Vb is buffered automatically, and theprocessing proceeds to step S34 (S44). The term “buffer” used hereinmeans that the material Vb is recorded on or memorized in the VTR 31 orthe disk recorders 32, 33 as shown in FIG. 8C. Therefore, equivalently,the material Va is recorded on or memorized in the VTR 30, the materialVb is recorded on or memorized in the VTR 31 or the material Va isrecorded on or memorized in the VTR 30 and the material Vb is recordedon or memorized in the disk recorder 32 or 33 as shown in FIGS. 8B and8C.

In step S34 (S44), the material Vb is edited according to thepreviously-set transition, and the processing proceeds to step S35(S45).

In step S35 (S45), edited data is previewed, and this subroutine SUB isended. Then, the processing proceeds to step S50 (or step S70 when theprocessing proceeds from step S40) of the program shown in FIG. 7. Thatis, the materials Va, Vb are displayed on the monitor 68 shown in FIG.3.

As shown in FIG. 7, it is determined in decision step S50 whether or nota previewed result is “OK”. If a YES is outputted at decision step S50,then the processing proceeds to step S60. Specifically, when the userinputs data representing that the previewed result is satisfactory bymeans of the mouse (pointing device) 25 or the keyboard 26, then theprocessing proceeds to the next step S60.

In step S60, the recording is executed, and the processing is ended.More specifically, according to this embodiment, the VTR 30 is set inthe playback mode under the control of a control signal supplied theretoand reproduces the material Va. Simultaneously, while watching the timecodes, the user sets the VTR 31 in the playback mode at a timing point alittle before the transition period under the control of a controlsignal supplied thereto to thereby reproduce the material Vb at itsportion a little before the in-point IN. In the transition period, theswitcher 29 carries out the transition processing, such as wipe,dissolve or mix in response to a control signal supplied thereto.

Then, the materials Va, Vb are memorized in the disk recorders 32, 33,for example. If the material Vb is previously bufffered or memorized inthe disk recorder 32 or 33, then the VTR 31 is set in the recording modeby a control signal supplied thereto, and the VTR 31 records thematerial Va supplied thereto from the VTR 30 or the material Vb suppliedthereto from the disk recorder 32 or 33. More specifically, as shown inFIG. 8D, the materials Va, Vb are edited and recorded by the VTR 31 orthe disk recorder 32 or 33.

Referring to FIG. 7, it is determined in decision step S70 whether thepreviewed result is “OK”. If a YES is outputted at decision step S70,then the processing proceeds to step S80. In other words, if the userinputs data representing that the previewed result is satisfactory bymeans of the mouse (pointing device) 25 or the keyboard 26, then theprocessing proceeds to the next step S80.

In step S80, the preview is executed and then the processing is ended.More specifically, according to this embodiment, the VTR 30 is set inthe playback mode under the control of a control signal supplied theretoand reproduces the material Vb. Simultaneously, while watching the timecode, the user sets the VTR 31 in the playback mode at a timing point alittle before the transition period under the control of a controlsignal supplied thereto to thereby reproduce the material Vb from itsportion a little before the in-point IN. In the transition period, theswitcher 29 carries out the transition processing, such as wipe,dissolve or mix under the control of a control signal supplied thereto.

Then, the video signals of the materials Va, Vb are supplied to themonitor 68 and displayed on the picture screen of the monitor 68 as animage. If the material Vb was previously buffered or memorized in thedisk recorder 32 or 33, then a video signal from the material Va of theVTR 30 or a video signal from the material Vb of the disk recorder 32 or33 is displayed on the picture screen of the monitor 68.

Since one of the two edit materials is automatically buffered ormemorized when the two edit materials are designated on the video tapecassette set on the VTR 30 or 31 or the same VTR 30 or 31 is designatedon the two edit materials, the user can be prevented from being annoyedby a cumbersome job, such as recording or memorizing one of the two editmaterials in other VTR or other disk recorder in a manual fashion. Also,it is possible to prevent the edit files EDL1 through EDLn from beingmade twice.

While the two edit materials are designated on one VTR 30 or 31 asdescribed above, the present invention is not limited thereto and threeor four edit materials may be designated on the VTR 30 or 31. In thiscase, there should be prepared the corresponding number of VTRs and diskrecorders in which edit materials are to be memorized.

How to designate the edit materials Va, Vb will be described below withreference to FIG. 10.

The edit material can be determined by designating the in-point IN andthe out-point OUT as will be clear from FIGS. 8A through 8D. When theedit material is determined, the VTR 30 or 31 is set in the reproducingmode and a video signal reproduced by the VTR 30 or 31 is displayed onthe picture screen of the monitor 27 or 37. Also, the user designates(i.e., so-called mark-in and mark-out) the edit material at desiredin-point IN and out-point OUT by some suitable means, such as thepointing device 25, the keyboard 26 or the like. Then, a resultant timecode is memorized in the control apparatus 20.

When the edit material is memorized according to the buffering processor the in-point IN and the out-point OUT of the edit material are simplydetermined, it is possible to use a memory (not shown) of the capturecontroller and memory 36 and the RAM 23 shown in FIG. 3, in addition tothe VTRs 30, 31 and the disk recorders 32, 33.

Operation of the capture controller and memory 36 will be describedbelow with reference to FIGS. 3, 6 and FIGS. 11 to 13. Initially, let usdescribe the case that the in-point and the out-point used when thesecond mixer/effector circuit 52 selectively outputs first and secondvideo signals with a wipe effect being achieved after the first andsecond video signals were reproduced by the VTRs 30, 31 are displayed onthe monitor 37.

The first and second video signals reproduced by the VTRs 30, 31 areinputted to one input terminal and the other input terminal of thesecond mixer/effector circuit 52 through cross-points 60 and 70 of thematrix switcher 50, respectively. The second mixer/effector circuit 52selectively supplies the first and second video signals inputted theretowith a wipe effect being achieved to the monitor 68.

Initially, the user places the VTR 30 in the reproducing mode byinputting control data through the keyboard 26, and turns on the switchof the cross-point 69 of the matrix switcher 50. Further, the secondmixer/effector circuit 52 is controlled such that the video signalreproduced from the VTR 30 is directly supplied to the monitor 68. Whenvideo frame data which is suitable as the in-point and the out-point isreproduced, the user inputs a video clip command signal by means of thekeyboard 26. Then, the control apparatus 20 controls the matrix switcher50 so that the video frame data obtained at that time is suppliedthrough the cross-point 70 of the matrix switcher 50 to the capturecontroller and memory 36. Also, the control apparatus 20 controls thecapture controller and memory 36 so that the capture controller andmemory 36 memorizes therein the video frame data. The video frame datarepresenting the in-point and the out-point memorized in the capturecontroller and memory 36 is displayed by the monitor 37 in the formsshown by IV2, OV2 in FIG. 11. The control apparatus 20 is supplied withtime codes through a control line from the VTR 30 and permits the videoframe data shown by IV2, OV2, i.e., time codes corresponding to thein-point and the out-point to be memorized in the RAM 23.

Similarly, the user places the VTR 31 in the reproducing mode byinputting control data through the keyboard 26, and turns on the switchof the cross-point 70 of the matrix switcher 50. Further, the secondmixer/effector circuit 52 is controlled such that the video signal fromthe VTR 31 is directly supplied to the monitor 68. When video frame datawhich is suitable as the in-point and the out-point is reproduced, theuser inputs a video clip command signal by means of the keyboard 26.Then, the control apparatus 20 controls the matrix switcher 50 so thatthe video frame data obtained at that time is supplied to the capturecontroller and memory 36 through a cross-point 71 of the matrix switcher50. Also, the control apparatus 20 controls the capture controller andmemory 36 such that the capture controller and memory 36 memorizestherein the video frame data. The video frame data representing thein-point and the out-point memorized in the capture controller andmemory 36 is displayed by the monitor 37 in the forms shown by IV3, OV3in FIG. 11. The control apparatus 20 is supplied with time codes througha control line from the VTR 31 and permits the video frame data shown byIV3, OV3, i.e., time codes corresponding to the in-point and theout-point to be memorized in the RAM 23.

Subsequently, the user places the VTRs 30 and 31 in the playback mode,and turns on the switches of the cross-points 69, 70 of the matrixswitcher 50 to thereby supply the first and second video signals playedback from the VTRS 30, 31 to the second mixer/effector circuit 52. Thesecond mixer/effector circuit 52 selectively outputs and supplies one ofthe first and second video signals with a wipe effect being achieved tothe monitor 68. While watching the picture screen of the monitor 68, theuser inputs the video clip command signal through the keyboard 26 whenvideo frame data which is suitable as the in-point and the out-point isoutputted from the second mixer/effector circuit 52. Then, the controlapparatus 20 controls the matrix switcher 50 such that the video framedata obtained at that time is supplied to the capture controller andmemory 36 through a cross-point 72 of the matrix switcher 50. Also, thecontrol apparatus 20 controls the capture controller and memory 36 sothat the capture controller and memory 36 memorizes therein the videoframe data. The video frame data representative of the in-point and theout-point memorized in the capture controller and memory 36 is displayedby the monitor 37 in the form shown by “5115” in FIG. 12. The controlapparatus 20 is supplied with time codes through a control line from theVTRs 30, 31 and permits the video frame data shown by “5115” in FIG. 12,i.e., time codes corresponding to the in-point and the out-point, to bememorized in the RAM 23.

The aforesaid operation is repeated until the in-point and the out-pointset on the first video signal supplied to one input terminal of thesecond mixer/effector circuit 52, the in-point and the out-point set onthe second video signal supplied to the other input terminal of thesecond mixer/effector circuit 52 and the in-point and the out-point seton the output signal from the second mixer/effector circuit 52 reachdesired in-points and out-points. After the above respective in-pointsand out-points reached desired in-points and out-points, the controlapparatus 20 reads time code data representing cues out from the RAM 23and controls operation of the VTRs 30, 31 and the second mixer/effectorcircuit 52 on the basis of the time code data thus read out. Then, onlythe output video signal representing an image ranging from the in-pointto the out-point shown in FIG. 12 and in which the first and secondimages are switched by the video frame data shown by OV2 and IV3 in FIG.11 between the in-point and the out-point is recorded by the VTR 67, andthe editing is ended.

As described above, according to the present invention, since the videoframe data representing the in-points and the out-points set in thevideo signals reproduced by the VTRs 30, 31 and the video signaloutputted from the second mixer/effector circuit 52 are displayed by themonitor 68, cues used upon editing can be set with ease from a visualsense standpoint. Further, since the video frame data representing thein-points and the out-points set on the first and second video signalsreproduced by the VTRs 30, 31 are displayed along the time axis as shownin FIG. 11, a time relationship of the video frame data can beunderstood with ease. Furthermore, since the time code valuescorresponding to the video frame data are displayed adjacent to thevideo frame data, a time relationship among the video frame data can beunderstood more easily.

Operation of the capture controller and memory 36 will be describednext. By way of example, let us describe the case that the first videosignal reproduced by the VTR 30 and the second video signal reproducedby the VTR 31 are switched by the first mixer/effector circuit 51 so asto achieve video special effects, such as wipe or the like, the videosignal reproduced by the disk recorder 32 is supplied to and processedby the DME 35 in an image deforming fashion, and that the video signal,processed in an image deforming fashion by the DME 35, is mixed to thevideo signal outputted from the first mixer/effector circuit 51 by akeying signal.

As shown in FIG. 6, the first and second video signals reproduced by theVTRs 30, 31 are supplied to one input terminal and the other inputterminal of the first mixer/effector circuit 51 through the cross-points62, 63 of the matrix switcher 50, respectively. The third video signalreproduced from the disk recorder 32 is supplied to the DME 35 throughthe cross-point 65 of the matrix switcher 50. The first mixer/effectorcircuit 51 switches the inputted first and second video signals with awipe effect being achieved and supplies the same to the input terminal59 of the matrix switcher 50. The DME 35 processes the third videosignal supplied thereto in such a signal processing fashion as an imagedeforming or the like and supplies a video signal thus processed to theinput terminal 61 of the matrix switcher 50.

Initially, the user sets the VTR 30 in the playback mode by inputtingcontrol data through the keyboard 26 and turns on the switch of thecross-point 62 of the matrix switcher 50. Further, the firstmixer/effector circuit 51, the cross-point 64 and the secondmixer/effector circuit 52 are controlled such that the video signal fromthe VTR 30 is directly supplied to the monitor 68. When video frame datawhich is suitable as the in-point and the out-point is reproduced, theuser inputs a video clip command signal by means of the keyboard 26.Then, the control apparatus 20 controls the matrix switcher 50 so thatthe video frame data obtained at that time is supplied to the capturecontroller and memory 36 through the cross-point 70 of the matrixswitcher 50. Also, the control apparatus 20 controls the capturecontroller and memory 36 so that the capture controller and memory 36memorizes that video frame data. The video frame data representing thein-point and the out-point memorized in the capture controller andmemory 36 are displayed by the monitor 37 in the forms shown by IV2, OV2in FIG. 11. The control apparatus 20 is supplied with time codes througha control line from the VTR 30 and permits the video frame data shown byIV2, OV2, i.e., time codes corresponding to the in-point and theout-point, to be memorized in the RAM 23.

Similarly, the user sets the VTR 31 in the reproducing mode by inputtingcontrol data through the keyboard 26, and turns on the switch providedat the cross-point 63 of the matrix switcher 50. Further, the firstmixer/effector circuit 51, the cross-point 64 and the secondmixer/effector circuit 52 so that the video signal from the VTR 31 isdirectly supplied to the monitor 68. When video frame data which issuitable as the in-point and the out-point are reproduced, the userinputs the video clip command signal by the keyboard 26. Then, thecontrol apparatus 20 controls the matrix switcher 50 so that the videoframe data obtained at that time is supplied to the capture controllerand memory 36 through the cross-point 71 of the matrix switcher 50.Also, the control apparatus 20 controls the capture controller andmemory 36 so that the capture controller and memory 36 memorizes thereinthat video frame data. The video frame data representing the in-pointand the out-point memorized in the capture controller and memory 36 aredisplayed by the monitor 37 in the forms shown by IV3, OV3 in FIG. 11.The control apparatus 20 is supplied with time codes through a controlline from the VTR 31 and permits the video frame data shown by IV3, OV3,i.e., time codes corresponding to the in-point and the out-point to bememorized in the RAM 23.

In a like manner, the user sets the disk recorder 32 in the reproducingmode by inputting control data through the keyboard 26 and turns on theswitch provided at the cross-point 65 of the matrix switcher 50. Also,the DME 35, the second mixer/effector circuit 52 and the cross-point 66are controlled such that the video signal from the disk recorder 32 isdirectly supplied to the monitor 68. When video frame data which aresuitable as the in-point and the out-point are reproduced, the userinputs the video clip command signal by means of the keyboard 26. Then,the control apparatus 20 controls the matrix switcher 50 so that thevideo frame data obtained at that time is supplied to the capturecontroller and memory 36 through the cross-point 73 of the matrixswitcher 50. Also, the control apparatus 20 controls the capturecontroller and the memory 36 so that the capture controller and thememory 36 memorizes the video frame data. The video frame datarepresenting the in-point and the out-point memorized in the capturecontroller and memory 36 are displayed by the monitor 37 in the formsshown by IV1, OV1 in FIG. 11. The control apparatus 20 is supplied withtime codes through the control line from the disk recorder 32, andpermits the video frame data represented by IV1, OV1, i.e., time codescorresponding to the in-point and the out-point, to be memorized in theRAM 23.

Subsequently, the user sets in the VTRs 30, 31 and the disk recorder 32in the reproducing mode and turns on the switches provided at thecross-points 62, 63 of the matrix switcher 50, to thereby supply thefirst and second video signals reproduced from the VTRs 30, 31 to thefirst mixer/effector circuit 51. The first mixer/effector circuit 51switches the first and second video signal so as to achieve a wipeeffect and supplies the switched video signal to the input terminal 59of the matrix switcher 50. When the cross-point 65 is turned on, thethird video signal reproduced from the disk recorder 32 is supplied tothe DME 35, and the DME 35 processes the third video signal suppliedthereto in an image deforming processing fashion. The DME 35 suppliesthe third video signal thus processed to the input terminal 61 of thematrix switcher 50. Then, the output signal of the first mixer/effectorcircuit 51 and the output signal of the DME 5 are respectively suppliedto one input terminal and the other input terminal of the secondmixer/effector circuit 52 by turning on the switches provided at thecross-points 64, 66. A keying signal that is used to mix the outputsignal of the DME 35 to the output signal of the first mixer/effectorcircuit 51 is supplied from the DME 35 to the second mixer/effectorcircuit 52. Then, while watching the monitor 68, the user inputs thevideo clip command signal through the keyboard 26 when the video framedata which are suitable as the in-point and the out-point are outputtedfrom the second mixer/effector circuit 52. Just then, the controlapparatus 20 controls the matrix switcher 50 such that the video framedata obtained at that time are supplied to the capture controller andmemory 36 through the cross-point 72 of the matrix switcher 50. Also,the control apparatus 20 controls the capture controller and memory 36such that the capture controller and memory 36 memorizes the video framedata. The video frame data representing the in-point and the out-pointmemorized in the capture controller and memory 36 are displayed by themonitor 37 in the forms shown by “5115” in FIG. 12. The controlapparatus 20 is supplied with time codes through the control lines fromthe VTRs 30, 31 and the disk recorder 32 and permits the video framedata shown by “5115” in FIG. 12, i.e., time codes corresponding to thein-point and the out-point, to be stored in the RAM 23.

The aforesaid operation is repeated until the in-point and the out-pointset on the first video signal inputted to one input terminal of thefirst mixer/effector circuit 51, the in-point and the out-point set onthe second video signal inputted to the other input terminal of thefirst mixer/effector circuit 51, the in-point and the out-point set onthe third video signal inputted to the DME 35 and the in-point and theout-point set to the output signal of the second mixer/effector circuit52 reach desired points. After the above respective in-points andout-points reached desired points, the control apparatus 20 reads timecode data representing respective cues from the RAM 23 and controlsoperation of the VTRs 30, 31, the disk recorder 32, the firstmixer/effector circuit 51 and the second mixer/effector circuit 52 sothat only the output video signal representing an image ranging from thein-point to the out-point shown in FIG. 12 and in which the first andsecond images are switched by the video frame data shown by OV2 and IV3in FIG. 11 between the in-point and the out-point and in which the videosignal between the video frames shown by IV1 and OV1 in FIG. 11 is mixedto the first or second video signal by the keying is recorded by the VTR67, and then the editing is ended.

As described above, according to the present invention, since the videoframe data representing the in-points and the out-points that wererespectively set on the video signals reproduced by the VTRs 30, 31 andthe disk recorder 32 and the video signal outputted from the secondmixer/effector circuit 52 are displayed by the monitor 68, cues usedupon editing can be set with ease from a visual sense standpoint.Further, since the video frame data representing the in-points and theout-points that were set to the first, second and third video signalsreproduced by the VTRs 30, 31 and the disk recorder 32 are displayedalong the time axis, a time relationship among the video frame data canbe understood more easily. Furthermore, since the time code valuescorresponding to the video frame data are displayed adjacent to thevideo frame data, a time relationship among the video frame data can beunderstood more easily.

As shown in FIG. 10, when the in-point IN of the material Va or Vb isdesignated, image data obtained at a timing point a little before (onthe time axis) the in-point IN can be memorized in the capturecontroller and memory 36 through the cross-points 70 to 73. When on theother hand the out-point OUT of the material Va or Vb is designated,image data obtained at a timing point delayed (on the time axis) fromthe out-point OUT can be memorized in the capture controller and memory36 through the cross-points 70 to 73. At that time, time code datacorresponding to respective video signals are supplied from the VTRs 30,31 and the disk recorders 32, 33 through the control lines to thecontrol apparatus 20 and then memorized in the RAM 23.

In FIG. 10, reference symbol It represents an offset amount obtained atthe in-point IN and reference symbol Ot represents an offset amountobtained at the out-point OUT. Therefore, image data is memorized in thecapture controller and memory 36 during a period Vt whose duration islonger than that of the period that was designated in actual practice.

The in-point IN and the out-point OUT also can be determined by usingthe edit files EDL1 through EDLn and the corresponding setup files SET1through SETn. When the edit material va or vb is determined from thematerial to be reproduced by the VTR 30, for example, the VTR 30 isoperated in the reproducing mode and image data is designated at thedesired in-point IN and out-point OUT (i.e., mark-in and mark-out) asdescribed above.

When the image data is designated at the desired in-point In andout-point OUT as described above (mark-in and mark-out), image data ofthe period Vt including the above offset amounts is memorized in the RAM23 or the capture controller and the memory 36. Thereafter, the userpermits the image data of the period Vt shown in FIG. 10 to be displayedon the display monitor 37, for example, by using the pointing device 25or the keyboard 26.

Since the image data obtained at that time is not reproduced from theVTR 30 but is the data read out from the capture controller and memory36, the user can accurately reproduce image data in a step-by-stepplayback fashion at a desired speed by using the pointing device 25 orthe keyboard 26. Therefore, the user can determine the in-point IN andthe out-point OUT at high speed over and over while repeatedlydetermining the in-point IN and the out-point OUT in the rehearsal mode.

When the material is recorded or memorized (buffered) in VTRs or diskrecorders, the material including the offset amount may be recorded ormemorized in VTRs or disk recorders automatically. With thisarrangement, the user may determine the in-point IN and the out-pointOUT one more time after step S33 (S43) of the flowchart shown in FIG. 9was executed.

With reference to FIG. 12, how to memorize image data including theoffset amount and how to designate the in-point IN and the out-point OUTone more time as shown in FIG. 10 will be described together with imagesdisplayed on the picture screen of the monitor 37.

As shown in FIG. 12, time codes of every event are displayed on an areaal, and connected states of equipments and so on are displayed on anarea a2.

Image data that is being previewed is displayed on an area a3. As willbe clear from FIG. 12, when image data is displayed on the area a3, theimage data is compressed by the capture controller and memory 36 shownin FIG. 3 and then displayed on the area a3. A number P2 that isassigned to the image displayed on the area a3 is displayed on the lowerportion of the area a3 and a time code Tc also is displayed on the samelower portion.

Image data edited by the edit files EDL1 through EDLn, i.e., thematerials Va, Vb in this embodiment (in this case, three edit materials(at the edit unit) are displayed) are respectively displayed on an areaa4. In this embodiment, images obtained at in-points IN and imagesobtained at out-points OUT of the respective edit materials (shown by“5201”, “5115”, “3028”, respectively) are displayed on the area a4.Furthermore, the areas a5 to a7 of the respective edit materials includetime code display areas Ta1 to Ta3 for displaying thereon time codes.

Of the above three edit materials, a time code Tin of the in-point INand a time code Tout of the out-point OUT are displayed only in the timecode display area Ta2 of the edit material displayed on the area a6.

This means that the editing is now performed, i.e., the in-point IN andthe out-point OUT are now being designated one more time. As describedabove, when the edit material is designated, image data is memorizedunder the condition that the offset amount (or offset amount of severalseconds before and after the in-point IN and the out-point OUT) is addedto the in-point IN and the out-point OUT designated in actual practiceby the mark-in and mark-out.

As shown in FIG. 12, memorized image data of the in-point IN and theout-point OUT (in this embodiment, images of the in-point IN) togetherwith the offset amount are displayed on an area a8. This example shownin FIG. 12 illustrates that the edit material at the in-point IN isedited, and also illustrates image data v1 through v6 obtained beforeand after the in-point IN. Numerical values ranging from −2 to +3 shownunder the respective image data v1 through v6 are indexes that can teachthe order of the respective image data v1 through v6 from a timestandpoint where the in-point IN thus memorized (marked-in) is assumedto be “0”.

Only the image data v3 is shown hatched in FIG. 12 because the imagedata v3 is image data thus memorized (marked-in). The user, however, canselect (referred to as a recalling) desired image data from the imagedata vl through v6 (image data v1 and v6 are headed and followed byother image data in actual practice, though not shown) by using somesuitable means, such as the pointing device 25, a cursor key of thekeyboard 26 or the like. Selected one of the image data v1 through v6 isshown hatched in FIG. 12. Then, the user can change and determine thein-point IN by inputting data representing that the desired image datawas selected. The keyboard 26 may include some independent keys formoving image data in the positive or reverse direction in a step-by-steppicture fashion, such as an FS (forward space) key, a BS (back space)key or the like.

When the in-point IN and the out-point OUT are designated one more time,the user can select the editing of the in-point IN or the out-point OUTby clicking the pointing device 25 or by operating the return key of thekeyboard 26 at the position of the cursor after the user moved thecursor to the area of the in-point IN or the out-point OUT of desiredone of the image data of the area a5 to a7.

According to this embodiment, when the in-point IN and the out-point OUTare temporarily determined by the above-mentioned mark-in and mark-out,image data obtained before and after the in-point IN and the out-pointOUT thus temporarily designated are memorized in the capture controllerand memory 36. Then, the image data obtained before and after thein-point IN and the out-point OUT thus temporarily designated arecompressed and displayed on the monitor 37 so that the user candesignate the in-point IN and the out-point OUT on the picture screen ofthe monitor 37 one more time by using the pointing device 25 or thekeyboard 26. Therefore, a frequency with which the VTRs 30, 31 are usedcan be reduced, and the editing apparatus becomes easier to handle andthe user can edit image data with high accuracy.

How to delete, position-exchange, copy and move edit data of the editfiles EDL1 through EDLn will be described with reference to FIG. 13. InFIG. 13, image data displayed on the monitor 37 will be referred tosimilarly to FIG. 12, and like parts corresponding to those of FIG. 11are marked with the same references and therefore need not be describedin detail.

As shown in FIG. 13, leading image data P1 through P6 of the edit filesEDL1 through EDLn are displayed on an area a9. At that time, image dataobtained at the in-point IN and the out-point OUT of the edit data arerespectively displayed on the areas a5 through a7 of the area a4 locatedat the lower portion of the area a9 similarly to FIG. 12.

The reason that the time codes Tin and Tout are displayed on the timecode area Ta2 of only the area a6 is that the user had already selectedthe area a6 of the area a4 by the pointing device 25 or the keyboard 26.

According to this embodiment, edit data of one of the selected areas a5through a7 can be deleted, copied, moved and exchanged in position bydirectly selecting one of the areas a5 through a7. When the user wantsto delete edit data, the user can delete desired edit data by clickingthe area of desired edit data by using the pointing device 25 or byoperating the return key of the keyboard 26 at the position of thecursor after the user moved the cursor to one of the areas a5 through a7of the desired edit data to be deleted.

When the user wants to copy edit data, the user moves the cursor or thelike to one of the areas a5 through a7 of the desired edit data to becopied, clicks the area of the desired edit data by using the pointingdevice 25 and moves the cursor (or pointer) to the desired one of theareas a5 to a7 under the condition that the user keeps clicking thepointing device 25 and then releases the pointing device 25 from beingclicked within the areas a5 to a7, thereby the desired edit data iscopied.

When the user wants to move edit data, the user moves the cursor or thelike to one of the areas a5 to a7 of desired edit data to be moved,clicks the selected area of the desired edit data by using the pointingdevice 25 and moves the cursor (or pointer) to the desired one of theareas a5 to a7 under the condition that the user keeps clicking thepointing device 25 and releases the pointing device 25 from beingclicked within the areas a5 to a7, thereby edit data is moved.

When the user wants to exchange edit data in position, the user movesthe cursor to one of the areas a5 to a7 of desired one edit data andclicks the selected area of the desired edit data by using the pointingdevice 25 at the position of the cursor. Thereafter, the user moves thecursor to the desired one of the areas a5 to a7 and clicks the desiredone of the areas a5 to a7 by using the pointing device 25 or the like,thereby the edit data is exchanged in position.

From an internal processing standpoint, when “delete” is effected,corresponding areas of the capture controller and memory 36 are deletedsimply and also data associated with corresponding edit data of the editfiles EDL1 through EDLn are deleted.

When edit data is copied, edit data of the corresponding areas of thecapture controller and memory 36 are stored in the designated area onemore time, and data associated with corresponding edit data of the editfiles EDL1 through EDLn are written in a memory area corresponding to anarea in which edit data is to be copied.

when edit data is moved, edit data of the corresponding areas of thecapture controller and memory 36 are stored in the designated area onemore time, and data associated with corresponding edit data of the editfiles EDL1 through EDLn are written in a memory area corresponding to anarea in which edit data is to be moved.

When edit data is exchanged in position, two edit data of thecorresponding area of the capture controller and memory 36 are stored intheir areas one more time, and data associated with the two edit datacorresponding to the edit files EDL1 through EDLn are written in theirmemory areas.

The user can temporarily confirm various processings, such as “delete”,“copy”, “move”, “position exchange” or the like by changing the contentsof data stored in the memory (not shown) of the capture controller andmemory 36, and then change the contents of the edit files EDL1 throughEDLn in actual practice.

As described above, according to the embodiment of the presentinvention, since the user can change the contents of the edit files EDL1through EDLn by deleting, copying, moving and position-exchanging imagedata of the edit unit displayed on the picture screen by means of thepointing device 25 or the keyboard 26, the user can edit image datawithout being annoyed by a cumbersome job, such as of reviewing thein-point and the out-point by operating the VTRs 30, 31 in the playbackmode, confirming and inputting the memory address by the keyboard 26 orthe like. Therefore, an efficiency in editing can be improved.

How to display on a time axis transition points obtained when variousvideo special effects are achieved by various equipments shown in FIG. 3will be described with reference to FIG. 11.

As shown in FIG. 11, time codes of the recording recorders, e.g., theVTRs 30, 31 and the disk recorders 32, 33 are described on the leftmostportion of the diagram. As shown in FIG. 11, time codes have markers Maaffixed thereto, and lines are extended from the markers Ma in order toindicate a time. A DME column and switcher columns also are providedfrom the time code column leftwardly, in that order. First and lastimage data of image data that are processed in time periods indicated bythe time codes are illustrated in the respective columns. Specifically,image data Iv1 and Ov1 are displayed on the DME column in accordancewith the time codes, image data Iv2, Ov2 are displayed on the switchercolumn in accordance with the time codes, and image data Iv3, Ov3 aredisplayed on another switcher column in accordance with the time codes.

Time bars b1, b2 and b3 representing time periods of image data aredisplayed on the left of the image data Iv1, Ov1, Iv2, Ov2 and Iv3, Ov3,respectively. As shown in FIG. 11, the transition points of theprocessing done by various equipments shown in FIG. 3 are represented bythe time codes and the markers Ma. Also, the image data Iv1, Ov1, Iv2,Ov2, Iv3, Ov3 of the transition points are illustrated on the columns ofthe processing equipment. Furthermore, the time bars b1, b2 and b3representing the duration of the image data are displayed on theleft-hand side. Therefore, the user can visually understand thesituation that the editing apparatus is placed, such as when the editingapparatus is in use or the like.

The display shown in FIG. 11 may be carried out by designating thein-point and the out-point during the time the edit files EDL1 throughEDLn are executed. Alternatively, the display may be carried out at thesame time when the edit files EDL1 through EDLn are executed.

When the monitor 37 displays the above-mentioned time codes and imagedata, information representing the editing processing executed with theedit files EDL1 through EDLn is transmitted to the capture controllerand memory 36 every moment. On the basis of the information suppliedthereto, the capture controller and memory 36 memorizes the time code,the marker Ma, the bar graph b1, the image data Iv1 Ov1, Iv2, Ov2, Iv3,Ov3 in the memory thereof and reads them out therefrom and supplies themto the monitor 37.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, since theprocessing state that was executed can be displayed so as to be easy tosee together with the image data, efficiency in the editing can beimproved considerably.

Since a time of each effect is reflected in real time on the controlapparatus 20 when changed, the user can confirm other effects whichshould follow. Further, if the user knows in advance a relationship ofeffects which should follow, then the user can automatically link theeffects in such relationship by registering that relationship from thepicture.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, since the user canchange the contents of the edit files EDL1 through EDLn by deleting,copying, moving and position-exchanging image data displayed on thepicture screen at the unit of the edit files, the user can carry out theediting without being annoyed by a cumbersome job, such as reviewingimage data by operating the VTRs 30, 31 in the playback mode, confirmingand inputting the memory address by the keyboard 26 or the like.Therefore, an efficiency in the editing can be improved.

According to the present invention, since the display means displays thefirst and second points of image data provided as the predeterminedunit, the designating means designates the image of the first and secondpoints of the predetermined unit displayed on the display means andcontrol means displays the time code data of the image data of the firstor second point designated by the designating means, the conditions ofrelated equipments and the identification numbers, the efficiency in theediting can be improved and therefore the editing apparatus becomeseasier to handle.

Further, according to the present invention, since the designating meansmoves the image data of the first and second points displayed on thedisplay means along the time axis, copies the same to other timeposition and deletes the same, the user can carry out the editing moreeasily with the above-mentioned effects being achieved.

Furthermore, according to the present invention, since the displayedconditions of the first and second designated image data are changedwhen the image data of the first and second points displayed on thedisplay means are designated by the designating means, the editingbecomes more understandable and easier with the above-mentioned effectsalso being achieved.

Having described a preferred embodiment of the invention with referenceto the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that the inventionis not limited to that precise embodiment and that various changes andmodifications could be effected therein by one skilled in the artwithout departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as definedin the appended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. An editing apparatus for determining a scenewhich is used in editing, said apparatus comprising: a monitor fordisplaying on a display screen a first still picture representing anIN-point of a video signal, a second still picture representing anOUT-point of the video signal, and a plurality of still picturesrepresenting video frames obtained before and after the IN-point and/orthe OUT-point; selecting means for selecting a desired still picturefrom the plurality of still pictures representing video frames obtainedbefore and after the IN-point and/or the OUT-point by using a cursorwhich is displayed on the monitor; and changing means for replacing oneof the first still picture and the second still picture with theselected desired still picture selected by said selecting means, wherebyvideo frames between the first still picture and the second stillpicture are determined as the screen which is used in editing, whereinthe monitor displays a time code representing a discrete point in timefor a beginning of the scene and a time code representing a discretepoint in time for an end of the scene, adjacent the first and secondstill pictures, respectively, wherein the monitor displays, concurrentlywith the first and second still pictures, third still picturesrepresenting images before and after the first still picture, andwherein the monitor displays respective index data adjacent each of thethird still pictures as a series of integers showing an order of thethird still pictures such that a zero integer represents a memorizedthird still picture, a negative integer represents a third still picturebefore the memorized third still picture, and a positive integerrepresents a third still picture after the memorized third stillpicture.
 2. The editing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein themonitor displays highlighting around the first still picture that ispart of the third still pictures.